Cooling and ventilating system



July 28, 1925.

E. GLANTZBERG COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM Filed April 5,' 1921 Y2Sheets-Sheet l EPNST GLANTZBEP@ Patented July 28, 1925'.

PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST GLANTZBERG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM.

Application led April' 5*, 192.1. Serial No. l458,861.

To all whom z't may concer/n:

Be it known that I, ERNST GLANTZBERG,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of New York,borough of Man-y hattan, in the county of New York and State of. NewYork, have invented anew and Improved Cooling and Ventilating System, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exa'ct description.

It is Well appreciated in connection with the ventilation and cooling ofauditoriums, and with relatively large rooms such as theatres, etc.,that it has been quite customary to provide ventilators which haveserved to draw ofi' the heated air at a point in the ceiling or adjacentsame, and further means has usually been provided for forcing fresh airinto the space to be ventilated.

These devices and systems have for the most part, proven far fromsatisfactory, in that pockets of stale air have been formed which havenot been affected to a material extent bythe ventilation provided. Thisto be attributed to the fact that air, lacking in oxygen, is notnecessaril warm, and consequently the same will fai to rise to a pointat which it may be'drawn oil by the discharge ventilator, or meansvprovided for this purpose. Also, fresh air, Where introduced at a pointnear the floor of the room, would failA to permeate the atmosphere ofthe room, and thus pockets of air relatively rich in oxygen, would beformed. which pockets in man v instances would fail to reach the-respiratory organs of most ofthe persons within the room.

A `further difficulty experienced, has been thatthe air introduced into'the space to be ventilated has often flown in a jet or stream, so that-persons in the direct path of this blast` have experienced disagreeableeffects endangering health.

Also the air introduced into the space to be ventilatedlhas, in mostinstances been extremely dry so that the air becomes what might be knownas starved for moisture again resulting detrimentally to health.

Aside from these objections, air intro-- duced under present lsystemshas not acted las a stimulating agent for the reason that the same, inmost instances has been more highly heated than the atmos here of thespace into which it was intro uced, particularly during the summermonths, and in this conection it will be noted that air of a highertemperature than the atmosphere of the space to be ventilated wouldnecessarily rise immediately' to the highest point, thus furthercomplicating the difficult-ies of proper distribution of the fresh air,as has been brought out in the preceding paragraphs.

Thus the major defects of Ventilating systems at the present time arefive fold; first, that the fresh air has been improperly introduced, sothat pockets of stale air have been permitted to come into being,Without being dissipated by the Ventilating system to any appreciableextent; second, the sta-le air has not been properlyl removed from thespace into which the fresh air was being introduced; third` `that thefresh air has been introduced in the form of a jet or blast to thedetriment of persons in the direct path of said j et'; fourth, that themoisture content of the air was in many instances insuiiicient,l

avoiding the present defect in which stratas 'of fresh, cold air, andstale air are to be found in pockets beside land above/each other. f

Av further object of my lnvention is the provision of a system of thenature specified, together with apparatus permitting of' its operation,which `will fore/e the proper.

removal and escape ofthe stale air.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of certain'means which will effectually preclude the forming of any jet or directblast of air which would detrimentally` affect the occupants of thespa-(le. Another object of my invention is the provision of a systempermitting of ventilation being effected, which system will insure theprovision of an ample moisture content to the atmosphere of the space tobe ventilated.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of a system of thetype specified which will adequately cool the fresh air introduced, sothat the same serves as a stimulant to the occupants of the space to beventilated.

Further objects of my invention will appear in the annexed specificationand draw? ings which latter present practical embodiments of myinvention, and in which- Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectionalview taken through one of my ventilating units.

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along the lines 3 3 inthedirection of the arrows indicated in Figure 1.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate details of construction which may be utilizedto advantage in some instances.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view of an auditorium such as that ofa motion picture theatre, 'and showing the system of distributionaccomplished by the utilization lof a single unit such as has Abeenillustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the section being on the line 6-6 ofFigure 7.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view talen along the lines 7 7 ofFigure 6, an

Figure 8 illustrates my invention as applied to an auditorium similar tothat illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, but showing the system of currentflow produced upon the utilization of a pair of units constructed inaccordance with my invention, and the distribution of air effectedthereby.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 1,v 2 and 3, it will be seenthat in the embodiment illustrated, I primarily provide a housing, whichpreferably includes the roof 10, and outer walls 11. This housing issubdivided into four major compartments, 12, 13, 14 and 15,respectively, which are provided by utilizing vertically extending walls16, a horizontal partition 17 and discharge passages 18.

It will be noted that the outer walls 11 are provided with openings 19at points preferably adjacent the roof 10, and above the horizontalpartition17, which latter extends at this point in aninclined plane, so

as to provide what might be termed a gutterl 20l for a purposehereinafter more fully specified.

The walls 16 are formed with upper openings 21, affording communicationbetween the compartments 12 and 13, and below the horizontal partition17, the Walls 16 are formed with outer openings 22 providing a passagebetween the compartments 13 and 14, the discharge tubes or compartments15 opening directly, as has been indicated in Figure 1, into thecompartment 14. Thus a flow of fluid is permitted from the outeratmosphere into the space with which the compartments 15 communicate attheir lower end.

Now with a view of providing means serving to effect a flow of currentin rthis manner, it will be noted that I utilize any suitable type ofdriving motor 23, which latter serves to effect a rotation of a shaft 24associated with blower fans 25 arranged in line with each of theopenings 22. Thus upon an actuation of the motor, air will be suckedthrough the opening 19 into ythe compartment 12, and so into thecompartit embraces. `Also a belt 26 extends between the motor 23 and theshaft 24, and with a view to provide means which will permit of lanystretching of this belt to be compensated for, I preferably utilize astructure capable ofoperation by an unskilled person, thus avoidingexpense incident to operation.

This structure preferably embraces a plurality of screw threaded studs27 clearly indicated in Figure 4, which studs extend through openings inthe base -28 of the motor 23, and serve to retain this base from anymovement by virtue of a retaining element such as a nut 29, engagingwith slotted washers 30, one of which is shown in perspective inFigure5. Thus it will be but the work of an instant for an unskilled operatorto manipulate the arts aforedescribed to effect a movement o the motor23 in a plane j which will result in a taking up of all slack on thepart of the belt 26, and thus preventing any slipping on the part ofthiselement.

Assuming now that the discharge compartment or tubes 15 are incommunication with space to be ventilated, it will be seen that jets ofair will emerge therefrom, thus presenting the same difficulty as hasbeen brought out in the preamble, and with a -view of overcoming thisdifficulty, or in other words to break these streams or jets of air intominute puffs, I utilize valves, which in the embodiment illustrated arein the nature of paddles 31, mounted upon a rotatable shaft 32,extending transversely of the housing, and being conveniently l thelpassage of any air when the second is fully opened.

Thus means arel provided, which will prevent the discharge of a steadystream or jet into the space to be ventilated, so that the objectionsincident to this phase of ventilatl ing systems are avoided.

To now provide means which vwill serve to efl'ectually cool air passingthrough the housing, I preferably utilize conduits `34 in communicationwith coils 35, which conduits serve to introduce brine or ammonia intothe coils 35, and to circulate the same through these coils, the fluidhaving been previously treated to reduce the temperature of the same, sothat the coils will act in the nature of radiators to cool all airpassing through the compartment 12.

Thus a medium is provided accomplishing the purpose desired, where theexterior' temperature is higher or equally as high as the temperature ofthe space to be ventilated, but it will be perfectly obvious that shouldit be desired to employ my ventilating system in the nature of a heater,as well as for the purpose of ventilation, that the heated fluid may becirculated through the coils 35 to produce the opposite result. Now witha view of humidifying the air, as well as causing a deposition of thoseparticles within the same, I conveniently utilize a transverselyextending spray pipe l 36, which may communicate through a pipe 37 witha source of fluid supply (not shown). Thus upon the air flowing in themanner aforedescribed, through the housing, it will be subjected to ahumidifying, cleansing and cooling action, and it is to be noted thatthe water particles not introduced in a state of suspension into the airwill flow into the trough 20 from whence it may be drawn through anoutlet pipe 38.

In the event that the occurrence described in the preceding paragraph istoo long in operation for any'length of time, in which event it would bedesirable to guard against the entrance of elements into the. same, Imay conveniently provide doors 39 for effecting this purpose, which`doors are hingedly secured to the under side. of the roof 10, as at 40,which are normally retained in a position at whichthey w11 act rear ofthe as deflectors for guiding the air into the compartment 13 by meansof suitable catches 41. v Upon a release of these catches however, thedoors 39 will fall to a lposition at which they will effectually coverthe openings 21, and obviously prevent any flow of Huid into thecompartment 13.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 6 and 7, which illustrate amotion picture theatre, including' a screen 42, roof 43, balcony 44 andground 'loor 45, these latter spaces are provided with the conventionaloutlet doors 46, andit will be seen that the ventilator housing ispreferably positioned at a remote point from these doors, and is mountedupon the roof of the theatre. Also the compartments 15 or dischargetubes, eX-

tend through openings in vthe roof 43, and further guard against theentrance of dust particles may be provided by a suitable screening 47associated with the lower end -of each of the compartments 15.

It will be noted` in the figures referred to, that the air will be drawnthrough the housing in the manner aforespecifiedyand will flow throughthe space extending between the balcony and roof, and the ground floorand balcony respectively, and discharge through the openings or doors4G.

In the event that the theatre is a relatively large one, it may be founddesirable to mount a second housing upon the roof 43, and with this inview, reference is had to Figure 8 in which-it will be noted that asecond ventilator is positioned adjacent the rear. end of the balcony,the air introduced into the space by this ventilator flowing down theincline of the balcony and cascading over the front edge thereof to theground floor, thus providing a double source of ventilation, at the mostconstricted point of the theatre, to wit, that portion of the orchestrabelow the balcony.

Also the second ventilator will produce air currents serving to rebufanytendency on the part of the air currents produced by the ventilatoratthe innermost end ofthe llU theatre to rise to the balcony as is thecase in Figures 6 and 7 and the foul air be discharged through the exitdoors or other openings provided for this purpose at the round floor.

Thus it will be seen that I have provided i a Ventilating-system, whichis primarily intended for the introduction of cool fresh air into anauditorium, or other space to be ventilated, which air will beintroduced at the highest point. and. thus, incident to the well knownlaw of physics will fall through the heated layers, and to the points tobe ventilated, at the same time permeating and breaking up these heatedstale layers of air and disposition of the same.

Also theair introduced will not be in the nature of steady streams orjets, which will act as drafts and endanger the health of the occupantsof the space being ventilated by virtue Aof the fact that the air willbe introduced in relatively minute pus effectively preventing thisoccurrence.

Further, the air will be thoroughly cooled, cleansed and humiditied sothat independent of drafts, a thoroughly healthy medium will beintroduced into any space, desired, and brought to a point at which itwill thoroughly and elfectnally permeate the heated air pockets. It willobviously be appreeiated that the illustrations resorted to are merelyin the form of particular embodiments, and it will be readilyappreciated that any number of diversions might be resorted to withoutin the least departing from the scopel of my claims, which arel. Aventilator, comprising a housing having an air inlet in its up'per partand two discharge openings .in its bottom, means for drawing air intothe housing, and means for controlling the discharge openings, wherebythe air will be continuously discharged in alternate streams throughsaid discharge openings.

2. A ventilator, comprising a housing having two communicatingcompartments, one of the compartments having an air inlet opening andthe other two discharge openings, a means for drawing air into thecompartment having the inlet opening, and forcing it into thecompartment having the discharge openings, and means for controllingtlie discharge openings, whereby the air will be alternately dischargedthrough said openings.

3. A ventilator, comprising a housing having two communicatingcompartments, one having an air inlet and the other two dischargeopenings, a fan for drawing air into the compartment having inletopening and forcing it into the compartment having the dischargeopenings,'a valve controlling each discharge opening, and means foroperating said valves, whereby the said openings will be alternatelyclosed and opened.

4. A ventilator comprising a housing having two communicatingcompartments, one having an air inlet and the othertwo dischargeopenings, means for drawing air into the compartment having inletopening and forcing it into the compartment having the dischargeopening, a valve controlling each discharge opening, each valvecomprising paddles, the paddles of one valve being at right angles tothe paddles of the other valve, and means for operating the valves,whereby the discharge openings will be alternately opened and closed.

5. A Ventilator, including a housing, vertical and horizontal walls,dividing said housing into a plurality of compartments, said housingbeing formed with intake openings communicating with certain of saidcompartments, the walls of said last named compartments being in turnformed with openings providing communication into a common compartment,discharge tubes, eertain of said vertical walls being formed withfurther openings alliording communication between said last namedcompartment and discharge tubes, and means within said last namedopenings for drawing air into said intake openings, and discharging thesame through said discharge tubes.

(3. A ventilator, including a housing, vertical walls within saidhousing, a horizontal partition arranged between the roof and lower edgeof said housing, said vertically extending walls being formed withopenings above and below said partition, fans arranged in certain ofsaid openings for producing a current of air through said housing,discharge tubes arranged in the lower end of said housing, valvesco-operating with said discharge tubes, and means for driving said fansand valves.

7. A ventilator, including a housing, vertical walls within saidhousing, a horizontal partition arranged between the roof and lower edgeof said housing, said vertically extending walls being formed withopenings above -and below said partition, fans arranged in certain ofsaid openings for producing a current of air through said housing,discharge tubes arranged in the lower end of said housing, a rotatableshaft at the upper ends of the discharge tubes, valves secured to saidshaft and extending into said discharge tubes, and means for rotatingsaid fans and shaft.

ERNST GLANTZBERG.

